The leaves are acrid, thermogenic, anodyne and hypotensive and are very useful in toothache, vitiated conditions of vata and hypertension. Headquarters are bitter, astringent, acrid, carminative, constipation, purifier, anthelmintic and febrifuge. They are useful in vitiated conditions of Pitta and Kapha, dyspepsia etc. Its pungent fresh leaves quickly relieve toothaches. The leaves, flowers and berries [...]